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关于德国的事实 德国历史 |
寰峰浗鐨凚undesrat 绗簩涓珛娉曟埧闂达紝 Bundesrat锛屾槸鍗佸叚鍦熷湴鏀垮簻鐩存帴鍦颁唬琛ㄧ殑鑱旈偊韬綋銆?瀹冧妇渚嬭瘉鏄庡痉鍥界殑鑱旈偊鍒舵嫢鎶よ�呮斂搴滅郴缁熴�?Bundesrat鐨勬垚鍛樻病鏈夋櫘閬嶅湴琚�変妇鑰屾槸鐢变粬浠殑鍚勮嚜鍦熷湴鏀垮簻浠诲懡銆?鎴愬憳鍊惧悜浜庢槸鍦熷湴鏀垮簻閮ㄩ暱銆?Bundesrat鏈夊叚鍗佷節鍚嶆垚鍛樸�?Laender涓庤秴杩?鐧句竾涓眳姘戞湁鍏釜浣嶅瓙(Baden-Wuerttemberg銆佸反浼愬埄浜氥�佷笅钀ㄥ厠妫拰鍖楅儴鑾辫尩娌宠タ鍗庨噷浜?銆?Laender鏈変汉鍙ｅ湪2鐧句竾鍜?鐧句竾涔嬮棿鏈夊洓涓綅瀛?鏌忔灄銆丅randenburg銆丠esse銆丮ecklenburg瑗块儴Pomerania锛岃幈鑼垫渤娴佸煙Palatinate銆佽惃鍏嬫．銆佽惃鍏嬫．Anhalt銆丼chleswig-Holstein鍜屽浘鏋楁牴宸?銆?鏈�灏戜汉鍙ｄ紬澶氱殑Laender锛屼笌杈冨皯姣?鐧句竾涓眳姘戯紝鎺ュ彈涓変釜浣嶅瓙涓殑姣忎竴涓?甯冮噷鏇笺�佹眽鍫″拰Saarland)銆?琛ㄧず娉曡繖涓郴缁燂紝铏界劧璁捐鍑嗙‘鍦板弽灏?em>鍦熷湴浜哄彛锛屽疄闄呬笂鑳芥洿鍔犲法澶х殑琛ㄧず娉曟瘡涓眳姘戞洿灏忕殑Laender銆?Bundesrat鐨勬�荤粺鐨勮亴鍔″湪Laender涔嬩腑骞村勾杞姩銆?鐢辨硶寰嬶紝瑕佹眰姣忎釜鍦熷湴浠ｈ〃鍥㈡姇绁ㄤ綔涓哄洟浣撲笌鍦熷湴鏀垮簻鐨勬寚绀虹鍚堛�?br> 鐢变簬Bundesrat Bundestag闈炲父灏忎簬锛屽畠涓嶈姹備笅闄㈢殑骞挎硾鐨勭粍缁囩粨鏋勩�?Bundesrat姣忔湀涓�娆″吀鍨嬪湴棰勫畾鍏ㄤ綋浼氳涓烘姇绁ㄥ绔嬫硶鍦ㄥ鍛樹細閲岀殑鐩殑鍑嗗浜嗐�?鍦ㄦ瘮杈冿紝 Bundestag涓惧姙澶х害浜斿崄娆″叏浣撲細璁瘡骞淬�?Bundesrat浠ｈ〃寰堝皯鍑哄腑濮斿憳浼氫細璁? 鍙嶈�岋紝浠栦滑鍦ㄥ熀鏈硶濮旀淳閭ｄ釜璐ｄ换瀵瑰叕鍔″憳浠庝粬浠殑閮紝濡傚厑璁稿銆?鎴愬憳鍊惧悜浜庤姳璐瑰ぇ澶氭暟浠栦滑鐨勬椂闂村湪浠栦滑鐨?em>鍦熷湴棣栭兘锛岃�屼笉鏄湪鑱旈偊棣栭兘銆?/p> Bundesrat鐨勭珛娉曟潈鍔涙槸涓嬬骇瀵归偅Bundestag锛屼絾鏄絾涓婇櫌鎵紨涓�涓噸瑕佺珛娉曡鑹层�?鑱旈偊鏀垮簻蹇呴』棣栧厛鎻愬嚭鎵�鏈夌珛娉曟満鍏崇殑鍔ㄨ鏉冨Bundesrat; 灏斿悗鍙鎻愭浜庣綈涓�氳繃瀵笲undestag銆?杩涗竴姝ワ紝 Bundesrat蹇呴』鎵瑰噯褰卞搷鍩烘湰娉曚负鍝簺鎺堜簣Laender涓�鑷村姏閲忕殑鏀跨瓥鏂归潰鐨勬墍鏈夌珛娉曞苟涓?em>Laender蹇呴』鎵ц鑱旈偊娉曡銆?Bundesrat閫氳繃鎴愬姛浜夎闅忕潃鏃堕棿鐨勮繃鍘诲鍔犱簡瀹冪殑绔嬫硶璐ｄ换瀵瑰骞匡紝鑰屼笉鏄嫮绐勶紝浠�涔堢殑瑙ｉ噴鏋勬垚褰卞搷鍦熷湴鍏磋叮鐨勭珛娉曠殑鑼冨洿銆?鍦ㄦ墍鏈夎仈閭︽硶寰嬬殑1949浠?0%锛屽嵆锛岀洿鎺ュ湴褰卞搷Laender鐨?/em>閭ｄ簺锛屽繀闇�鐨凚undesrat璁ゅ悓銆?1993骞磋繎鑱旈偊绔嬫硶鐨?0%瑕佹眰涓婇櫌鐨勫悓鎰忋�?鍩烘湰娉曚篃鎻愪緵Bundesrat浠ヨ繖鏍风珛娉曠粷瀵瑰惁鍐炽�?/p>
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-澶ц嚕 聽 聽 聽 |
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