Watten is not just a card game – it is a lively, strategic, and sometimes mischievous social event. Deeply rooted in the cultures of Bavaria, South Tyrol, and parts of Austria, Watten is a game where reading people can be as important as reading cards.
With elements of bluffing, coded signaling, and bold risk-taking, Watten offers a unique experience unlike any other German card game. If you enjoy games that combine strategy with lively social interaction, learning Watten will open a whole new world of fun.
History and Origins of Watten
Watten dates back to at least the 18th century in the Alpine regions of southern Germany and Austria.
Its name comes from the German word watten, meaning “to wager,” highlighting the game’s original association with small stakes betting and social drinking.
Played mostly in inns, beer gardens, and Alpine villages, Watten remains a living tradition that blends camaraderie, rivalry, and plenty of playful deception.
Equipment
Deck
- A 32-card German-suited deck (sometimes called a Bavarian or Tyrolean deck).
- Suits: Acorns, Leaves, Hearts, Bells.
- Cards used: 7, 8, 9, 10, Unter (Jack), Ober (Queen), King, Ace.
In modern casual settings, a French-suited 32-card deck can also be used.
Card Ranks and Suits
Ranks vary depending on which card is declared “Trump” and “Criticals” during each round.
Game Objective
The goal is simple:
- Win a set number of tricks (usually 3 out of 5).
- Use bluffing and secret signals to outplay your opponents.
In some betting variants, winning certain tricks earns points toward a larger game total.
Seating and Deal
- Watten is typically played by 4 players in two teams of two.
- It can also be played by 2, 3, or 5 players with slight rule adjustments.
- Each player receives five cards dealt clockwise.
Bidding and Declarations
Before play begins:
- Trump suit is declared: One player chooses the trump suit for that round.
- Criticals (“Kritische”) are determined:
- Typically, the three top cards (the highest cards in the game) are pre-agreed or chosen based on local rules.
- Common criticals are the King of Hearts, 7 of Bells, and 7 of Acorns, but they can vary.
Declaring trump and recognizing criticals is crucial to developing a winning strategy.
Watten Gameplay and Rules
Basic Play
- Player to the dealer’s left leads the first trick.
- Players must follow suit if possible.
- If unable to follow suit, any card can be played.
- Trick is won by the highest card of the suit led unless a trump or critical is played.
Hierarchy Example:
- Criticals (highest)
- Trumps
- Highest card in the suit led
Secret Signals
A signature element of Watten is non-verbal communication between partners:
- Raising eyebrows
- Tapping fingers
- Tilting cards
- Subtle gestures
These “signs” indicate strong cards or suggest strategies but must be subtle to avoid alerting opponents.
Important:
Signaling is allowed — but getting caught exaggerating or making signals too obvious invites playful ridicule (and strategic punishment).
Winning
- The team that wins 3 tricks out of 5 wins the round.
- If betting is involved, teams can raise stakes between tricks, forcing strategic decisions about confidence and bluffing.
Common Mistakes
- Over-telegraphing your hand through too obvious signals.
- Forgetting which Criticals have already been played.
- Misjudging trump strength when choosing the trump suit.
Scoring System
In casual games, each round win scores 1 point.
In betting games:
- Teams can “go” (continue) or “fold” after certain tricks.
- Successful bluffs or called bluffs often lead to bonus points or penalties.
Longer matches typically aim for 11 points total.
Watten Variations
Regional and house variations of Watten are very common, including:
- Fixed Criticals vs Chosen Criticals: Some games fix the three highest cards before the match begins.
- Five-Card Draw: Players may draw new cards if unhappy with their hand.
- Different Trick Goals: Some versions play to 2 out of 3 tricks instead of 3 out of 5.
Before starting, it is essential to agree on specific house rules.
Strategy Guide for Watten
Beginner Tips
- Memorize the Criticals immediately — they dominate gameplay.
- Signal only when necessary and as subtly as possible.
Intermediate Tactics
- Pay attention to opponents’ body language — if they are signaling, you can learn a lot!
- Choose the trump suit carefully to support your hand’s hidden strength.
Expert-Level Strategies
- Bluffing: Sometimes pretend to have Criticals or trumps you lack.
- Psychological play: Act confident even when weak to bait mistakes.
- Risk assessment: Weigh the risk of calling bluffs carefully – especially when stakes are rising.
Where to Play Watten Today
- Local Taverns and Beer Gardens:
Particularly common in Bavaria, Tyrol, and parts of Austria. - Festivals and Competitions:
Many Alpine festivals include friendly or competitive Watten tournaments. - Online Platforms:
Some apps offer Watten, though it is less widespread online compared to Skat or Doppelkopf. - Explore even more traditional games: popular German card games.
Related German Card Games
If you enjoy Watten, you might also love:
- Schafkopf: Trick-taking with hidden partnerships and solo games.
- Skat: Deep bidding and strategic play.
- Mau-Mau: Another fast, easy-to-learn classic.
- Rommé: A more strategic rummy-style game.
- Schwimmen (31): A fast-paced, risk-taking game perfect for quick rounds.
- Doppelkopf: Complex partnerships and tactical card play.
FAQs
Is Watten easy to learn?
The basic rules are simple, but mastering bluffing and signaling takes experience.
Can Watten be played without signals?
Yes, but signaling is a traditional and fun part of authentic Watten.
How many players are best for Watten?
Four players (two teams) is ideal, but it can also work with 2–5 players.
Are there tournaments for Watten?
Yes! Many local tournaments are held in Bavaria, Tyrol, and Austria.
Watten is a vibrant, social, and highly strategic card game that rewards not only sharp memory but also bold bluffing and careful signaling. Each match is a lively mix of mind games, laughter, and clever plays.
Whether you are playing in a bustling beer garden or quietly signaling across a table with friends, Watten promises endless excitement and unforgettable moments. Pick up a deck, practice your signals, and dive into the unforgettable tradition of Watten!
